HydRC4nics

Smart autonmous hydroponic gardening system in collaboration with NUS Residential College 4, RC4SPACE & RC4Earth.

Motivation

Singapore aims to produce 30% of its nutritional needs by 2030. Land productivity, water, and energy efficiency are believed to be the solution to Singapore's food security issue. High technology farms, vertical farming, and hydroponics are some of the solutions that people have produced to tackle the problem.

More on vertical farming: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IBleQycVanU

Hydroponics offers the opportunity to teach us about sustainable agriculture and systems thinking; and allows optimised plant growth through greater time, resource, and space efficiency.

Aim

We hope to construct a vertical hydroponic garden equipped with a smart IoT monitoring and control system. The smart embedded monitoring and control system consists of a microcontroller sensor array along with a microcomputer-based application deployed on the web.

The physical structure and electronics will be developed and built separately as part of a Residential College 4 initiative. In this project, we wish to develop the backend and interface for us to monitor and control the system.

User Stories

We envision 3 types of users who would use the HydRC4nics system:

Roles	Responsibilities
Administrators	Full control over the system and its functionalities. This includes monitoring the number of accounts with access to the system, etc. The administrators will be a small core team of RC4 students.
Operators	Access to controlling the system through commands (e.g. turning on and off the lights, adding water) and viewing of data (e.g. measuring the nutrient content of the water). The operators will be comprised of RC4 students who have shown interest in learning about the system.
Viewers	will only have access to viewing data from the system. They can be anonymous. This last group consists of all other interested individuals such as other NUS students or members of the public.

We envision each type of user to use the HydRC4nics system in ways similar to those listed below:

1. As an operator who wants to monitor the lights, water levels and nutrient levels in the system, I want to be able to access the information remotely and conveniently.

2. As an operator who wants to control the system, I want to be able to control the system remotely through an easy to use interface.

3. As an interested individual who is curious about the system, I want to be able to view information and data on the system remotely and submit suggestions quickly and conveniently.

4. As an administrator who wants to prevent abuse of the system, I want to be able to identify abusers, and restrict their access if they continue to cause problems.

System Overview

Technologies Used

Telegram Bot

• Python
• Telegram Bot API

Webpage

• Python
• Flask
• HTML, CSS, Javascript
• Bootstrap
• Dash, Plotly
• Waitress (WSGI)

Database Server

• C#
• Entity Framework Core
• REST API
• Serial Communication
• JSON Web Token (JWT)
• SQLite

Setup

1. Install Python Packages

   pip3 install -r ./Application/requirements.txt

2. Add environment variables to .bashrc

   export BOT_TOKEN=REPLACE:REPLACE
   export FLASK_SECRET=REPLACE
   export DB_URL=http://REPLACE
   export JWT_SECRET=REPLACE
   export MASTER_USER=EMAIL/NAME/PASSWORD

3. Install .NET SDK 3.1

   https://docs.microsoft.com/en-gb/dotnet/core/install/linux-package-manager-ubuntu-1910

4. Install EFcore

   dotnet tool install --global dotnet-ef

5. Database migrations

   cd Database/EFCoreSample
   dotnet ef migrations add InitialCreate
   dotnet ef database update
   cd ../..

6. Identity migrations

   cd Database/Identity
   dotnet ef migrations add InitialCreate
   dotnet ef database update
   cd ../..

7. Export data to CSV (run once in a while)

   cd Database/csv
   chmod +x exportCSV.sh
   ./exportCSV.sh
   cd ../..

Run (use tmux)

Database

tmux new -s database
dotnet run --project Database/EFCoreSample

Identity

tmux new -s identity
dotnet run --project  Database/Identity

Telegram Bot

tmux new -s bot
cd Application
python3 bot.py

Webpage

tmux new -s web
cd Application
waitress-serve web:app