ShedLock

ShedLock makes sure that your scheduled tasks are executed at most once at the same time. If a task is being executed on one node, it acquires a lock which prevents execution of the same task from another node (or thread). Please note, that if one task is already being executed on one node, execution on other nodes does not wait, it is simply skipped.

ShedLock uses an external store like Mongo, JDBC database, Redis, Hazelcast, ZooKeeper or others for coordination.

Feedback and pull-requests welcome!

ShedLock is not a distributed scheduler

Please note that ShedLock is not and will never be full-fledged scheduler, it's just a lock. If you need a distributed scheduler, please use another project (db-scheduler, JobRunr). ShedLock is designed to be used in situations where you have scheduled tasks that are not ready to be executed in parallel, but can be safely executed repeatedly. Moreover, the locks are time-based and ShedLock assumes that clocks on the nodes are synchronized.

Versions
Components
Usage
Lock Providers
Multi-tenancy
Customization
Duration specification
Extending the lock
Micronaut integration
CDI integration
Locking without a framework
Troubleshooting
Modes of Spring integration
- Scheduled method proxy
- TaskScheduler proxy
Release notes

Versions

If you are using JDK >17 and up-to-date libraries like Spring 6, use version 5.1.0 (Release Notes). If you are on older JDK or library, use version 4.44.0 (documentation).

Components

Shedlock consists of three parts

Core - The locking mechanism
Integration - integration with your application, using Spring AOP, Micronaut AOP or manual code
Lock provider - provides the lock using an external process like SQL database, Mongo, Redis and others

Usage

To use ShedLock, you do the following

Enable and configure Scheduled locking
Annotate your scheduled tasks
Configure a Lock Provider

Enable and configure Scheduled locking (Spring)

First of all, we have to import the project

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-spring</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Now we need to integrate the library with Spring. In order to enable schedule locking use @EnableSchedulerLock annotation

@Configuration
@EnableScheduling
@EnableSchedulerLock(defaultLockAtMostFor = "10m")
class MySpringConfiguration {
    ...
}

Annotate your scheduled tasks

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.spring.annotation.SchedulerLock;

...

@Scheduled(...)
@SchedulerLock(name = "scheduledTaskName")
public void scheduledTask() {
    // To assert that the lock is held (prevents misconfiguration errors)
    LockAssert.assertLocked();
    // do something
}

The @SchedulerLock annotation has several purposes. First of all, only annotated methods are locked, the library ignores all other scheduled tasks. You also have to specify the name for the lock. Only one task with the same name can be executed at the same time.

You can also set lockAtMostFor attribute which specifies how long the lock should be kept in case the executing node dies. This is just a fallback, under normal circumstances the lock is released as soon the tasks finishes. You have to set lockAtMostFor to a value which is much longer than normal execution time. If the task takes longer than lockAtMostFor the resulting behavior may be unpredictable (more than one process will effectively hold the lock).

If you do not specify lockAtMostFor in @SchedulerLock default value from @EnableSchedulerLock will be used.

Lastly, you can set lockAtLeastFor attribute which specifies minimum amount of time for which the lock should be kept. Its main purpose is to prevent execution from multiple nodes in case of really short tasks and clock difference between the nodes.

All the annotations support Spring Expression Language (SpEL).

Example

Let's say you have a task which you execute every 15 minutes and which usually takes few minutes to run. Moreover, you want to execute it at most once per 15 minutes. In that case, you can configure it like this:

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.core.SchedulerLock;


@Scheduled(cron = "0 */15 * * * *")
@SchedulerLock(name = "scheduledTaskName", lockAtMostFor = "14m", lockAtLeastFor = "14m")
public void scheduledTask() {
    // do something
}

By setting lockAtMostFor we make sure that the lock is released even if the node dies and by setting lockAtLeastFor we make sure it's not executed more than once in fifteen minutes. Please note that lockAtMostFor is just a safety net in case that the node executing the task dies, so set it to a time that is significantly larger than maximum estimated execution time. If the task takes longer than lockAtMostFor, it may be executed again and the results will be unpredictable (more processes will hold the lock).

Configure LockProvider

There are several implementations of LockProvider.

JdbcTemplate

First, create lock table (please note that name has to be primary key)

# MySQL, MariaDB
CREATE TABLE shedlock(name VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL, lock_until TIMESTAMP(3) NOT NULL,
    locked_at TIMESTAMP(3) NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(3), locked_by VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (name));

# Postgres
CREATE TABLE shedlock(name VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL, lock_until TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
    locked_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL, locked_by VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (name));

# Oracle
CREATE TABLE shedlock(name VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL, lock_until TIMESTAMP(3) NOT NULL,
    locked_at TIMESTAMP(3) NOT NULL, locked_by VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (name));

# MS SQL
CREATE TABLE shedlock(name VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL, lock_until datetime2 NOT NULL,
    locked_at datetime2 NOT NULL, locked_by VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (name));

# DB2
CREATE TABLE shedlock(name VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, lock_until TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
    locked_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL, locked_by VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL);

Or use this liquibase change-set.

Add dependency

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-jdbc-template</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Configure:

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.jdbctemplate.JdbcTemplateLockProvider;

...
@Bean
public LockProvider lockProvider(DataSource dataSource) {
            return new JdbcTemplateLockProvider(
                JdbcTemplateLockProvider.Configuration.builder()
                .withJdbcTemplate(new JdbcTemplate(dataSource))
                .usingDbTime() // Works on Postgres, MySQL, MariaDb, MS SQL, Oracle, DB2, HSQL and H2
                .build()
            );
}

By specifying usingDbTime() the lock provider will use UTC time based on the DB server clock. If you do not specify this option, clock from the app server will be used (the clocks on app servers may not be synchronized thus leading to various locking issues).

It's strongly recommended to use usingDbTime() option as it uses DB engine specific SQL that prevents INSERT conflicts. See more details here.

For more fine-grained configuration use other options of the Configuration object

new JdbcTemplateLockProvider(builder()
    .withTableName("shdlck")
    .withColumnNames(new ColumnNames("n", "lck_untl", "lckd_at", "lckd_by"))
    .withJdbcTemplate(new JdbcTemplate(getDatasource()))
    .withLockedByValue("my-value")
    .withDbUpperCase(true)
    .build())

If you need to specify a schema, you can set it in the table name using the usual dot notation new JdbcTemplateLockProvider(datasource, "my_schema.shedlock")

To use a database with case-sensitive table and column names, the .withDbUpperCase(true) flag can be used. Default is false (lowercase).

Warning

Do not manually delete lock row from the DB table. ShedLock has an in-memory cache of existing lock rows so the row will NOT be automatically recreated until application restart. If you need to, you can edit the row/document, risking only that multiple locks will be held.

R2DBC

If you are really brave, you can try experimental R2DBC support. Please keep in mind that the capabilities of this lock provider are really limited and that the whole ecosystem around R2DBC is in flux and may easily break.

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-r2dbc</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

and use it.

@Override
protected LockProvider getLockProvider() {
    return new R2dbcLockProvider(connectionFactory);
}

I recommend using R2DBC connection pool.

jOOQ lock provider

First, create lock table as described in the JdbcTemplate section above.

Add dependency

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-jooq</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Configure:

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.jooq;

...
@Bean
public LockProvider getLockProvider(DSLContext dslContext) {
    return new JooqLockProvider(dslContext);
}

jOOQ provider has a bit different transactional behavior. While the other JDBC lock providers create new transaction (with REQUIRES_NEW), jOOQ does not support setting it. ShedLock tries to create a new transaction, but depending on your set-up, ShedLock DB operations may end-up being part of the enclosing transaction.

jOOQ lock provider is not yet as flexible as its JdbcTemplate counterpart, but it can be. If you need some configuration option, please let me know.

Micronaut Data Jdbc

If you are using Micronaut data and you do not want to add dependency on Spring JDBC, you can use Micronaut JDBC support. Just be aware that it has just a basic functionality when compared to the JdbcTemplate provider.

First, create lock table as described in the JdbcTemplate section above.

Add dependency

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-jdbc-micronaut</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Configure:

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.jdbc.micronaut.MicronautJdbcLockProvider;

...
@Singleton
public LockProvider lockProvider(TransactionOperations<Connection> transactionManager) {
    return new MicronautJdbcLockProvider(transactionManager);
}

Mongo

Import the project

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-mongo</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Configure:

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.mongo.MongoLockProvider;

...

@Bean
public LockProvider lockProvider(MongoClient mongo) {
    return new MongoLockProvider(mongo.getDatabase(databaseName))
}

Please note that MongoDB integration requires Mongo >= 2.4 and mongo-java-driver >= 3.7.0

Reactive Mongo

Import the project

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-mongo-reactivestreams</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Configure:

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.mongo.reactivestreams.ReactiveStreamsMongoLockProvider;

...

@Bean
public LockProvider lockProvider(MongoClient mongo) {
    return new ReactiveStreamsMongoLockProvider(mongo.getDatabase(databaseName))
}

Please note that MongoDB integration requires Mongo >= 4.x and mongodb-driver-reactivestreams 1.x

DynamoDB 2

Depends on AWS SDK v2.

Import the project

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-dynamodb2</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Configure:

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.dynamodb2.DynamoDBLockProvider;

...

@Bean
public LockProvider lockProvider(software.amazon.awssdk.services.dynamodb.DynamoDbClient dynamoDB) {
    return new DynamoDBLockProvider(dynamoDB, "Shedlock");
}

Please note that the lock table must be created externally with _id as a partition key. DynamoDBUtils#createLockTable may be used for creating it programmatically. A table definition is available from DynamoDBLockProvider's Javadoc.

ZooKeeper (using Curator)

Import

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-zookeeper-curator</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

and configure

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.zookeeper.curator.ZookeeperCuratorLockProvider;

...

@Bean
public LockProvider lockProvider(org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework client) {
    return new ZookeeperCuratorLockProvider(client);
}

By default, nodes for locks will be created under /shedlock node.

Redis (using Spring RedisConnectionFactory)

Import

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-redis-spring</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

and configure

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.redis.spring.RedisLockProvider;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;

...

@Bean
public LockProvider lockProvider(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
    return new RedisLockProvider(connectionFactory, ENV);
}

Redis (using Spring ReactiveRedisConnectionFactory)

Import

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-redis-spring</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

and configure

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.redis.spring.ReactiveRedisLockProvider;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.ReactiveRedisConnectionFactory;

...

@Bean
public LockProvider lockProvider(ReactiveRedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
    return new ReactiveRedisLockProvider.Builder(connectionFactory)
        .environment(ENV)
        .build();
}

Redis lock provider uses classical lock mechanism as described here which may not be reliable in case of Redis master failure.

Redis (using Jedis)

Import

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-redis-jedis4</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

and configure

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.redis.jedis.JedisLockProvider;

...

@Bean
public LockProvider lockProvider(JedisPool jedisPool) {
    return new JedisLockProvider(jedisPool, ENV);
}

Hazelcast

Import the project

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-hazelcast4</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Configure:

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.hazelcast4.HazelcastLockProvider;

...

@Bean
public HazelcastLockProvider lockProvider(HazelcastInstance hazelcastInstance) {
    return new HazelcastLockProvider(hazelcastInstance);
}

Couchbase

Import the project

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-couchbase-javaclient3</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Configure:

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.couchbase.javaclient.CouchbaseLockProvider;

...

@Bean
public CouchbaseLockProvider lockProvider(Bucket bucket) {
    return new CouchbaseLockProvider(bucket);
}

For Couchbase 3 use shedlock-provider-couchbase-javaclient3 module and net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.couchbase3 package.

Elasticsearch

I am really not sure it's a good idea to use Elasticsearch as a lock provider. But if you have no other choice, you can. Import the project

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-elasticsearch8</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Configure:

import static net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.elasticsearch8.ElasticsearchLockProvider;

...

@Bean
public ElasticsearchLockProvider lockProvider(ElasticsearchClient client) {
    return new ElasticsearchLockProvider(client);
}

OpenSearch

Import the project

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-opensearch</artifactId>
    <version>4.36.1</version>
</dependency>

Configure:

import static net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.opensearch.OpenSearchLockProvider;

...

@Bean
public OpenSearchLockProvider lockProvider(RestHighLevelClient highLevelClient) {
    return new OpenSearchLockProvider(highLevelClient);
}

CosmosDB

CosmosDB support is provided by a third-party module available here

Cassandra

Import the project

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-cassandra</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Configure:

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.cassandra.CassandraLockProvider;
import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.cassandra.CassandraLockProvider.Configuration;

...

@Bean
public CassandraLockProvider lockProvider(CqlSession cqlSession) {
    return new CassandraLockProvider(Configuration.builder().withCqlSession(cqlSession).withTableName("lock").build());
}

Example for creating default keyspace and table in local Cassandra instance:

CREATE KEYSPACE shedlock with replication={'class':'SimpleStrategy', 'replication_factor':1} and durable_writes=true;
CREATE TABLE shedlock.lock (name text PRIMARY KEY, lockUntil timestamp, lockedAt timestamp, lockedBy text);

Please, note that CassandraLockProvider uses Cassandra driver v4, which is part of Spring Boot since 2.3.

Consul

ConsulLockProvider has one limitation: lockAtMostFor setting will have a minimum value of 10 seconds. It is dictated by consul's session limitations.

Import the project

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-consul</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Configure:

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.consul.ConsulLockProvider;

...

@Bean // for micronaut please define preDestroy property @Bean(preDestroy="close")
public ConsulLockProvider lockProvider(com.ecwid.consul.v1.ConsulClient consulClient) {
    return new ConsulLockProvider(consulClient);
}

Please, note that Consul lock provider uses ecwid consul-api client, which is part of spring cloud consul integration (the spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery package).

ArangoDB

Import the project

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-arangodb</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Configure:

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.arangodb.ArangoLockProvider;

...

@Bean
public ArangoLockProvider lockProvider(final ArangoOperations arangoTemplate) {
    return new ArangoLockProvider(arangoTemplate.driver().db(DB_NAME));
}

Please, note that ArangoDB lock provider uses ArangoDB driver v6.7, which is part of arango-spring-data in version 3.3.0.

Neo4j

Import the project

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-neo4j</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Configure:

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.core.LockConfiguration;

...

@Bean
Neo4jLockProvider lockProvider(org.neo4j.driver.Driver driver) {
    return new Neo4jLockProvider(driver);
}

Please make sure that neo4j-java-driver version used by shedlock-provider-neo4j matches the driver version used in your project (if you use spring-boot-starter-data-neo4j, it is probably provided transitively).

Etcd

Import the project

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-etcd-jetcd</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Configure:

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.etcd.jetcd.EtcdLockProvider;

...

@Bean
public LockProvider lockProvider(Client client) {
    return new EtcdLockProvider(client);
}

Apache Ignite

Import the project

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-ignite</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Configure:

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.ignite.IgniteLockProvider;

...

@Bean
public LockProvider lockProvider(Ignite ignite) {
    return new IgniteLockProvider(ignite);
}

In-Memory

If you want to use a lock provider in tests there is an in-Memory implementation.

Import the project

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-inmemory</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.inmemory.InMemoryLockProvider;

...

@Bean
public LockProvider lockProvider() {
    return new InMemoryLockProvider();
}

Memcached (using spymemcached)

Please, be aware that memcached is not a database but a cache. It means that if the cache is full, the lock may be released prematurely Use only if you know what you are doing.

Import

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-memcached-spy</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

and configure

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.memcached.spy.MemcachedLockProvider;

...

@Bean
public LockProvider lockProvider(net.spy.memcached.MemcachedClient client) {
    return new MemcachedLockProvider(client, ENV);
}

P.S.:

Memcached Standard Protocol:

A key (arbitrary string up to 250 bytes in length. No space or newlines for ASCII mode)
An expiration time, in seconds. '0' means never expire. Can be up to 30 days. After 30 days, is treated as a unix timestamp of an exact date. (support seconds、minutes、days, and less than 30 days)

Datastore

Import the project

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-provider-datastore</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

and configure

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.datastore.DatastoreLockProvider;

...

@Bean
public LockProvider lockProvider(com.google.cloud.datastore.Datastore datastore) {
    return new DatastoreLockProvider(datastore);
}

Multi-tenancy

If you have multi-tenancy use-case you can use a lock provider similar to this one (see the full example)

private static abstract class MultiTenancyLockProvider implements LockProvider {
    private final ConcurrentHashMap<String, LockProvider> providers = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

    @Override
    public @NonNull Optional<SimpleLock> lock(@NonNull LockConfiguration lockConfiguration) {
        String tenantName = getTenantName(lockConfiguration);
        return providers.computeIfAbsent(tenantName, this::createLockProvider).lock(lockConfiguration);
    }

    protected abstract LockProvider createLockProvider(String tenantName) ;

    protected abstract String getTenantName(LockConfiguration lockConfiguration);
}

Customization

You can customize the behavior of the library by implementing LockProvider interface. Let's say you want to implement a special behavior after a lock is obtained. You can do it like this:

public class MyLockProvider implements LockProvider {
    private final LockProvider delegate;

    public MyLockProvider(LockProvider delegate) {
        this.delegate = delegate;
    }

    @Override
    public Optional<SimpleLock> lock(LockConfiguration lockConfiguration) {
        Optional<SimpleLock> lock = delegate.lock(lockConfiguration);
        if (lock.isPresent()) {
            // do something
        }
        return lock;
    }
}

Duration specification

All the annotations where you need to specify a duration support the following formats

duration+unit - 1s, 5ms, 5m, 1d (Since 4.0.0)
duration in ms - 100 (only Spring integration)
ISO-8601 - PT15M (see Duration.parse() documentation)

Extending the lock

There are some use-cases which require to extend currently held lock. You can use LockExtender in the following way:

LockExtender.extendActiveLock(Duration.ofMinutes(5), ZERO);

Please note that not all lock provider implementations support lock extension.

KeepAliveLockProvider

There is also KeepAliveLockProvider that is able to keep the lock alive by periodically extending it. It can be used by wrapping the original lock provider. My personal opinion is that it should be used only in special cases, it adds more complexity to the library and the flow is harder to reason about so please use moderately.

@Bean
public LockProvider lockProvider(...) {
    return new  KeepAliveLockProvider(new XyzProvider(...), scheduler);
}

KeepAliveLockProvider extends the lock in the middle of the lockAtMostFor interval. For example, if the lockAtMostFor is 10 minutes the lock is extended every 5 minutes for 10 minutes until the lock is released. Please note that the minimal lockAtMostFor time supported by this provider is 30s.

Micronaut integration

Since version 4.0.0, it's possible to use Micronaut framework for integration

Import the project:

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <artifactId>shedlock-micronaut</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Configure default lockAtMostFor value (application.yml):

shedlock:
  defaults:
    lock-at-most-for: 1m

Configure lock provider:

@Singleton
public LockProvider lockProvider() {
    ... select and configure your lock provider
}

Configure the scheduled task:

@Scheduled(fixedDelay = "1s")
@SchedulerLock(name = "myTask")
public void myTask() {
    assertLocked();
    ...
}

CDI integration

Since version 5.0.0, it's possible to use CDI for integration (tested only with Quarkus)

Import the project:

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.javacrumbs.shedlock</groupId>
    <!-- use shedlock-cdi-vintage for quarkus 2.x -->
    <artifactId>shedlock-cdi</artifactId>
    <version>5.7.0</version>
</dependency>

Configure default lockAtMostFor value (application.properties):

shedlock.defaults.lock-at-most-for=PT30S

Configure lock provider:

@Produces
@Singleton
public LockProvider lockProvider() {
        ...
}

Configure the scheduled task:

@Scheduled(every = "1s")
@SchedulerLock(name = "myTask")
public void myTask() {
    assertLocked();
    ...
}

The implementation only depends on jakarta.enterprise.cdi-api and microprofile-config-api so it should be usable in other CDI compatible frameworks, but it has not been tested with anything else than Quarkus. It's built on top of javax annotation as Quarkus has not moved to Jakarta EE namespace yet.

The support is minimalistic, for example there is no support for expressions in the annotation parameters yet, if you need it, feel free to send a PR.

Locking without a framework

It is possible to use ShedLock without a framework

LockingTaskExecutor executor = new DefaultLockingTaskExecutor(lockProvider);

...

Instant lockAtMostUntil = Instant.now().plusSeconds(600);
executor.executeWithLock(runnable, new LockConfiguration("lockName", lockAtMostUntil));

Extending the lock

Some lock providers support extension of the lock. For the time being, it requires manual lock manipulation, directly using LockProvider and calling extend method on the SimpleLock.

Modes of Spring integration

ShedLock supports two modes of Spring integration. One that uses an AOP proxy around scheduled method (PROXY_METHOD) and one that proxies TaskScheduler (PROXY_SCHEDULER)

Scheduled Method proxy

Since version 4.0.0, the default mode of Spring integration is an AOP proxy around the annotated method.

The main advantage of this mode is that it plays well with other frameworks that want to somehow alter the default Spring scheduling mechanism. The disadvantage is that the lock is applied even if you call the method directly. If the method returns a value and the lock is held by another process, null or an empty Optional will be returned (primitive return types are not supported).

Final and non-public methods are not proxied so either you have to make your scheduled methods public and non-final or use TaskScheduler proxy.

TaskScheduler proxy

This mode wraps Spring TaskScheduler in an AOP proxy. This mode does not play well with instrumentation libraries like opentelementry that also wrap TaskScheduler. Please only use it if you know what you are doing. It can be switched-on like this (PROXY_SCHEDULER was the default method before 4.0.0):

@EnableSchedulerLock(interceptMode = PROXY_SCHEDULER)

If you do not specify your task scheduler, a default one is created for you. If you have special needs, just create a bean implementing TaskScheduler interface and it will get wrapped into the AOP proxy automatically.

@Bean
public TaskScheduler taskScheduler() {
    return new MySpecialTaskScheduler();
}

Alternatively, you can define a bean of type ScheduledExecutorService and it will automatically get used by the tasks scheduling mechanism.

Spring XML configuration

Spring XML configuration is not supported as of version 3.0.0. If you need it, please use version 2.6.0 or file an issue explaining why it is needed.

Lock assert

To prevent misconfiguration errors, like AOP misconfiguration, missing annotation etc., you can assert that the lock works by using LockAssert:

@Scheduled(...)
@SchedulerLock(..)
public void scheduledTask() {
    // To assert that the lock is held (prevents misconfiguration errors)
    LockAssert.assertLocked();
    // do something
}

In unit tests you can switch-off the assertion by calling LockAssert.TestHelper.makeAllAssertsPass(true) on given thread (as in this example).

Kotlin gotchas

The library is tested with Kotlin and works fine. The only issue is Spring AOP which does not work on final method. If you use @SchedulerLock with @Component annotation, everything should work since Kotlin Spring compiler plugin will automatically 'open' the method for you. If @Component annotation is not present, you have to open the method by yourself. (see this issue for more details)

Caveats

Locks in ShedLock have an expiration time which leads to the following possible issues.

If the task runs longer than lockAtMostFor, the task can be executed more than once
If the clock difference between two nodes is more than lockAtLeastFor or minimal execution time the task can be executed more than once.

Troubleshooting

Help, ShedLock does not do what it's supposed to do!

Upgrade to the newest version
Use LockAssert to ensure that AOP is correctly configured.
- If it does not work, please read about Spring AOP internals (for example here)
Check the storage. If you are using JDBC, check the ShedLock table. If it's empty, ShedLock is not properly configured. If there is more than one record with the same name, you are missing a primary key.
Use ShedLock debug log. ShedLock logs interesting information on DEBUG level with logger name net.javacrumbs.shedlock. It should help you to see what's going on.
For short-running tasks consider using lockAtLeastFor. If the tasks are short-running, they could be executed one after another, lockAtLeastFor can prevent it.

Release notes

5.7.0 (2023-08-25)

JedisLockProvider supports extending (thanks @shotmk)
Better behavior when locks are nested #1493

4.46.0 (2023-09-05)

JedisLockProvider (version 3) supports extending (thanks @shotmk)

4.45.0 (2023-09-04)

JedisLockProvider supports extending (thanks @shotmk)

5.6.0

Ability to explicitly set database product in JdbTemplateLockProvider (thanks @metron2)
Removed forgotten versions from BOM
Dependency updates

5.5.0 (2023-06-19)

Datastore support (thanks @mmastika)
Dependency updates

5.4.0 (2023-06-06)

Handle uncategorized SQL exceptions (thanks @jaam)
Dependency updates

5.3.0 (2023-05-13)

Added shedlock-cdi module (supports newest CDI version)
Dependency updates

5.2.0 (2023-03-06)

Uppercase in JdbcTemplateProvider (thanks @Ragin-LundF)
Dependency updates

5.1.0 (2023-01-07)

Added SpEL support to @SchedulerLock name attribute (thanks @ipalbeniz)
Dependency updates

5.0.1 (2022-12-10)

Work around broken Spring 6 exception translation lukas-krecan#1272

4.44.0 (2022-12-29)

Insert ignore for MySQL https://github.com/lukas-krecan/ShedLock/commit/8a4ae7ad8103bb47f55d43bccf043ca261c24d7a

5.0.0 (2022-12-10)

Requires JDK 17
Tested with Spring 6 (Spring Boot 3)
Micronaut updated to 3.x.x
R2DBC 1.x.x (still sucks)
Spring Data 3.x.x
Rudimentary support for CDI (tested with quarkus)
New jOOQ lock provider
SLF4j 2
Deleted all deprecated code and support for old versions of libraries

4.43.0 (2022-12-04)

Better logging in JdbcTemplateProvider
Dependency updates

4.42.0 (2022-09-16)

Deprecate old Couchbase lock provider
Dependency updates

4.41.0 (2022-08-17)

Couchbase collection support (thanks @mesuutt)
Dependency updates

4.40.0 (2022-08-11)

Fixed caching issues when the app is started by the DB does not exist yet (#1129)
Dependency updates

4.39.0 (2022-07-26)

Introduced elasticsearch8 LockProvider and deperecated the orignal one (thanks @MarAra)
Dependency updates

4.38.0 (2022-07-02)

ReactiveRedisLockProvider added (thanks @ericwcc)
Dependency updates

4.37.0 (2022-06-14)

OpenSearch provider (thanks @Pinny3)
Fix wrong reference to reactive Mongo in BOM #1048
Dependency updates

4.36.0 (2022-05-28)

shedlock-bom module added
Dependency updates

4.35.0 (2022-05-16)

Neo4j allows to specify database thanks @SergeyPlatonov
Dependency updates

4.34.0 (2022-04-09)

Dropped support for Hazelcast <= 3 as it has unfixed vulnerability
Dropped support for Spring Data Redis 1 as it is not supported
Dependency updates

4.33.0

memcached provider added (thanks @pinkhello)
Dependency updates

4.32.0

JDBC provider does not change autocommit attribute
Dependency updates

4.31.0

Jedis 4 lock provider
Dependency updates

4.30.0

In-memory lock provider added (thanks @kkocel)
Dependency updates

4.29.0

R2DBC support added (thanks @sokomishalov)
Library upgrades

4.28.0

Neo4j lock provider added (thanks @thimmwork)
Library upgrades

4.27.0

Ability to set transaction isolation in JdbcTemplateLockProvider
Library upgrades

4.26.0

KeepAliveLockProvider introduced
Library upgrades

4.25.0

LockExtender added

4.24.0

Support for Apache Ignite (thanks @wirtsleg)
Library upgrades

4.23.0

Ability to set serialConsistencyLevel in Cassandra (thanks @DebajitKumarPhukan)
Introduced shedlock-provider-jdbc-micronaut module (thanks @drmaas)

4.22.1

Catching and logging Cassandra exception

4.22.0

Support for custom keyspace in Cassandra provider

4.21.0

Elastic unlock using IMMEDIATE refresh policy #422
DB2 JDBC lock provider uses microseconds in DB time
Various library upgrades

4.20.1

Fixed DB JDBC server time #378

4.20.0

Support for etcd (thanks grofoli)

4.19.1

Fixed devtools compatibility #368

4.19.0

Support for enhanced configuration in Cassandra provider (thanks DebajitKumarPhukan)
LockConfigurationExtractor exposed as a Spring bean #359
Handle CannotSerializeTransactionException #364

4.18.0

Fixed Consul support for tokens and added enhanced Consul configuration (thanks DrWifey)

4.17.0

Consul support for tokens

4.16.0

Spring - EnableSchedulerLock.order param added to specify AOP proxy order
JDBC - Log unexpected exceptions at ERROR level
Hazelcast upgraded to 4.1

4.15.1

Fix session leak in Consul provider #340 (thanks @haraldpusch)

4.15.0

ArangoDB lock provider added (thanks @patrick-birkle)

4.14.0

Support for Couchbase 3 driver (thanks @blitzenzzz)
Removed forgotten configuration files form micronaut package (thanks @drmaas)
Shutdown hook for Consul (thanks @kaliy)

4.13.0

Support for Consul (thanks @kaliy)
Various dependencies updated
Deprecated default LockConfiguration constructor

4.12.0

Lazy initialization of SqlStatementsSource #258

4.11.1

MongoLockProvider uses mongodb-driver-sync
Removed deprecated constructors from MongoLockProvider

4.10.1

New Mongo reactive streams driver (thanks @codependent)

4.9.3

Fixed JdbcTemplateLockProvider useDbTime() locking #244 thanks @gjorgievskivlatko

4.9.2

Do not fail on DB type determining code if DB connection is not available

4.9.1

Support for server time in DB2
removed shedlock-provider-jdbc-internal module

4.9.0

Support for server time in JdbcTemplateLockProvider
Using custom non-null annotations
Trimming time precision to milliseconds
Micronaut upgraded to 1.3.4
Add automatic DB tests for Oracle, MariaDB and MS SQL.

4.8.0

DynamoDB 2 module introduced (thanks Mark Egan)
JDBC template code refactored to not log error on failed insert in Postgres
- INSERT .. ON CONFLICT UPDATE is used for Postgres

4.7.1

Make LockAssert.TestHelper public

4.7.0

New module for Hazelcasts 4
Ability to switch-off LockAssert in unit tests

4.6.0

Support for Meta annotations and annotation inheritance in Spring

4.5.2

Made compatible with PostgreSQL JDBC Driver 42.2.11

4.5.1

Inject redis template

4.5.0

ClockProvider introduced
MongoLockProvider(MongoDatabase) introduced

4.4.0

Support for non-void returning methods when PROXY_METHOD interception is used

4.3.1

Introduced shedlock-provider-redis-spring-1 to make it work around Spring Data Redis 1 issue #105 (thanks @rygh4775)

4.3.0

Jedis dependency upgraded to 3.2.0
Support for JedisCluster
Tests upgraded to JUnit 5

4.2.0

Cassandra provider (thanks @mitjag)

4.1.0

More configuration option for JdbcTemplateProvider

4.0.4

Allow configuration of key prefix in RedisLockProvider #181 (thanks @krm1312)

4.0.3

Fixed junit dependency scope #179

4.0.2

Fix NPE caused by Redisson #178

4.0.1

DefaultLockingTaskExecutor made reentrant #175

4.0.0

Version 4.0.0 is a major release changing quite a lot of stuff

net.javacrumbs.shedlock.core.SchedulerLock has been replaced by net.javacrumbs.shedlock.spring.annotation.SchedulerLock. The original annotation has been in wrong module and was too complex. Please use the new annotation, the old one still works, but in few years it will be removed.
Default intercept mode changed from PROXY_SCHEDULER to PROXY_METHOD. The reason is that there were a lot of issues with PROXY_SCHEDULER (for example #168). You can still use PROXY_SCHEDULER mode if you specify it manually.
Support for more readable duration strings
Support for lock assertion LockAssert.assertLocked()
Support for Micronaut added

3.0.1

Fixed bean definition configuration #171

3.0.0

EnableSchedulerLock.mode renamed to interceptMode
Use standard Spring AOP configuration to honor Spring Boot config (supports proxyTargetClass flag)
Removed deprecated SpringLockableTaskSchedulerFactoryBean and related classes
Removed support for XML configuration

2.6.0

Updated dependency to Spring 2.1.9
Support for lock extensions (beta)

2.5.0

Zookeeper supports lockAtMostFor and lockAtLeastFor params
Better debug logging

2.4.0

Fixed potential deadlock in Hazelcast (thanks @HubertTatar)
Finding class level annotation in proxy method mode (thanks @volkovs)
ScheduledLockConfigurationBuilder deprecated

2.3.0

LockProvides is initialized lazilly so it does not change DataSource initialization order

2.2.1

MongoLockProvider accepts MongoCollection as a constructor param

2.2.0

DynamoDBLockProvider added

2.1.0

MongoLockProvider rewritten to use upsert
ElasticsearchLockProvider added

2.0.1

AOP proxy and annotation configuration support

1.3.0

Can set Timezone to JdbcTemplateLock provider

1.2.0

Support for Couchbase (thanks to @MoranVaisberg)

1.1.1

Spring RedisLockProvider refactored to use RedisTemplate

1.1.0

Support for transaction manager in JdbcTemplateLockProvider (thanks to @grmblfrz)

1.0.0

Upgraded dependencies to Spring 5 and Spring Data 2
Removed deprecated net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.jedis.JedisLockProvider (use net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.redis.jedis.JedisLockProvide instead)
Removed deprecated SpringLockableTaskSchedulerFactory (use ScheduledLockConfigurationBuilder instead)

0.18.2

ablility to clean lock cache

0.18.1

shedlock-provider-redis-spring made compatible with spring-data-redis 1.x.x

0.18.0

Added shedlock-provider-redis-spring (thanks to @siposr)
shedlock-provider-jedis moved to shedlock-provider-redis-jedis

0.17.0

Support for SPEL in lock name annotation

0.16.1

Automatically closing TaskExecutor on Spring shutdown

0.16.0

Removed spring-test from shedlock-spring compile time dependencies
Added Automatic-Module-Names

0.15.1

Hazelcast works with remote cluster

0.15.0

Fixed ScheduledLockConfigurationBuilder interfaces #32
Hazelcast code refactoring

0.14.0

Support for Hazelcast (thanks to @peyo)

0.13.0

Jedis constructor made more generic (thanks to @mgrzeszczak)

0.12.0

Support for property placeholders in annotation lockAtMostForString/lockAtLeastForString
Support for composed annotations
ScheduledLockConfigurationBuilder introduced (deprecating SpringLockableTaskSchedulerFactory)

0.11.0

Support for Redis (thanks to @clamey)
Checking that lockAtMostFor is in the future
Checking that lockAtMostFor is larger than lockAtLeastFor

0.10.0

jdbc-template-provider does not participate in task transaction

0.9.0

Support for @SchedulerLock annotations on proxied classes

0.8.0

LockableTaskScheduler made AutoClosable so it's closed upon Spring shutdown

0.7.0

Support for lockAtLeastFor

0.6.0

Possible to configure defaultLockFor time so it does not have to be repeated in every annotation

0.5.0

ZooKeeper nodes created under /shedlock by default

0.4.1

JdbcLockProvider insert does not fail on DataIntegrityViolationException

0.4.0

Extracted LockingTaskExecutor
LockManager.executeIfNotLocked renamed to executeWithLock
Default table name in JDBC lock providers

0.3.0

@ShedlulerLock.name made obligatory
@ShedlulerLock.lockForMillis renamed to lockAtMostFor
Adding plain JDBC LockProvider
Adding ZooKeepr LockProvider

Files

README.md

Latest commit

History

README.md

File metadata and controls

ShedLock

ShedLock is not a distributed scheduler

Versions

Components

Usage

Enable and configure Scheduled locking (Spring)

Annotate your scheduled tasks

Example

Configure LockProvider

JdbcTemplate

Warning

R2DBC

jOOQ lock provider

Micronaut Data Jdbc

Mongo

Reactive Mongo

DynamoDB 2

ZooKeeper (using Curator)

Redis (using Spring RedisConnectionFactory)

Redis (using Spring ReactiveRedisConnectionFactory)

Redis (using Jedis)

Hazelcast

Couchbase

Elasticsearch

OpenSearch

CosmosDB

Cassandra

Consul

ArangoDB

Neo4j

Etcd

Apache Ignite

In-Memory

Memcached (using spymemcached)

Datastore

Multi-tenancy

Customization

Duration specification

Extending the lock

KeepAliveLockProvider

Micronaut integration

CDI integration

Locking without a framework

Extending the lock

Modes of Spring integration

Scheduled Method proxy

TaskScheduler proxy

Spring XML configuration

Lock assert

Kotlin gotchas

Caveats

Troubleshooting

Release notes

5.7.0 (2023-08-25)

4.46.0 (2023-09-05)

4.45.0 (2023-09-04)

5.6.0

5.5.0 (2023-06-19)

5.4.0 (2023-06-06)

5.3.0 (2023-05-13)

5.2.0 (2023-03-06)

5.1.0 (2023-01-07)

5.0.1 (2022-12-10)

4.44.0 (2022-12-29)

5.0.0 (2022-12-10)

4.43.0 (2022-12-04)

4.42.0 (2022-09-16)

4.41.0 (2022-08-17)

4.40.0 (2022-08-11)

4.39.0 (2022-07-26)

4.38.0 (2022-07-02)

4.37.0 (2022-06-14)

4.36.0 (2022-05-28)

4.35.0 (2022-05-16)