Skip to content

Latest commit

 

History

History
776 lines (590 loc) · 23.5 KB

prompts.md

File metadata and controls

776 lines (590 loc) · 23.5 KB
Raw

Prompts

Introduction

Laravel Prompts is a PHP package for adding beautiful and user-friendly forms to your command-line applications, with browser-like features including placeholder text and validation.

Laravel Prompts is perfect for accepting user input in your Artisan console commands, but it may also be used in any command-line PHP project.

Note
Laravel Prompts supports macOS, Linux, and Windows with WSL. For more information, please see our documentation on unsupported environments & fallbacks.

Installation

Laravel Prompts is already included with the latest release of Laravel.

Laravel Prompts may also be installed in your other PHP projects by using the Composer package manager:

composer require laravel/prompts

Available Prompts

Text

The text function will prompt the user with the given question, accept their input, and then return it:

use function Laravel\Prompts\text;

$name = text('What is your name?');

You may also include placeholder text, a default value, and an informational hint:

$name = text(
    label: 'What is your name?',
    placeholder: 'E.g. Taylor Otwell',
    default: $user?->name,
    hint: 'This will be displayed on your profile.'
);

Required Values

If you require a value to be entered, you may pass the required argument:

$name = text(
    label: 'What is your name?',
    required: true
);

If you would like to customize the validation message, you may also pass a string:

$name = text(
    label: 'What is your name?',
    required: 'Your name is required.'
);

Additional Validation

Finally, if you would like to perform additional validation logic, you may pass a closure to the validate argument:

$name = text(
    label: 'What is your name?',
    validate: fn (string $value) => match (true) {
        strlen($value) < 3 => 'The name must be at least 3 characters.',
        strlen($value) > 255 => 'The name must not exceed 255 characters.',
        default => null
    }
);

The closure will receive the value that has been entered and may return an error message, or null if the validation passes.

Password

The password function is similar to the text function, but the user's input will be masked as they type in the console. This is useful when asking for sensitive information such as passwords:

use function Laravel\Prompts\password;

$password = password('What is your password?');

You may also include placeholder text and an informational hint:

$password = password(
    label: 'What is your password?',
    placeholder: 'password',
    hint: 'Minimum 8 characters.'
);

Required Values

If you require a value to be entered, you may pass the required argument:

$password = password(
    label: 'What is your password?',
    required: true
);

If you would like to customize the validation message, you may also pass a string:

$password = password(
    label: 'What is your password?',
    required: 'The password is required.'
);

Additional Validation

Finally, if you would like to perform additional validation logic, you may pass a closure to the validate argument:

$password = password(
    label: 'What is your password?',
    validate: fn (string $value) => match (true) {
        strlen($value) < 8 => 'The password must be at least 8 characters.',
        default => null
    }
);

The closure will receive the value that has been entered and may return an error message, or null if the validation passes.

Confirm

If you need to ask the user for a "yes or no" confirmation, you may use the confirm function. Users may use the arrow keys or press y or n to select their response. This function will return either true or false.

use function Laravel\Prompts\confirm;

$confirmed = confirm('Do you accept the terms?');

You may also include a default value, customized wording for the "Yes" and "No" labels, and an informational hint:

$confirmed = confirm(
    label: 'Do you accept the terms?',
    default: false,
    yes: 'I accept',
    no: 'I decline',
    hint: 'The terms must be accepted to continue.'
);

Requiring "Yes"

If necessary, you may require your users to select "Yes" by passing the required argument:

$confirmed = confirm(
    label: 'Do you accept the terms?',
    required: true
);

If you would like to customize the validation message, you may also pass a string:

$confirmed = confirm(
    label: 'Do you accept the terms?',
    required: 'You must accept the terms to continue.'
);

Select

If you need the user to select from a predefined set of choices, you may use the select function:

use function Laravel\Prompts\select;

$role = select(
    'What role should the user have?',
    ['Member', 'Contributor', 'Owner'],
);

You may also specify the default choice and an informational hint:

$role = select(
    label: 'What role should the user have?',
    options: ['Member', 'Contributor', 'Owner'],
    default: 'Owner',
    hint: 'The role may be changed at any time.'
);

You may also pass an associative array to the options argument to have the selected key returned instead of its value:

$role = select(
    label: 'What role should the user have?',
    options: [
        'member' => 'Member',
        'contributor' => 'Contributor',
        'owner' => 'Owner'
    ],
    default: 'owner'
);

Up to five options will be displayed before the list begins to scroll. You may customize this by passing the scroll argument:

$role = select(
    label: 'Which category would you like to assign?',
    options: Category::pluck('name', 'id'),
    scroll: 10
);

Validation

Unlike other prompt functions, the select function doesn't accept the required argument because it is not possible to select nothing. However, you may pass a closure to the validate argument if you need to present an option but prevent it from being selected:

$role = select(
    label: 'What role should the user have?',
    options: [
        'member' => 'Member',
        'contributor' => 'Contributor',
        'owner' => 'Owner'
    ],
    validate: fn (string $value) =>
        $value === 'owner' && User::where('role', 'owner')->exists()
            ? 'An owner already exists.'
            : null
);

If the options argument is an associative array, then the closure will receive the selected key, otherwise it will receive the selected value. The closure may return an error message, or null if the validation passes.

Multi-select

If you need to the user to be able to select multiple options, you may use the multiselect function:

use function Laravel\Prompts\multiselect;

$permissions = multiselect(
    'What permissions should be assigned?',
    ['Read', 'Create', 'Update', 'Delete']
);

You may also specify default choices and an informational hint:

use function Laravel\Prompts\multiselect;

$permissions = multiselect(
    label: 'What permissions should be assigned?',
    options: ['Read', 'Create', 'Update', 'Delete'],
    default: ['Read', 'Create'],
    hint: 'Permissions may be updated at any time.'
);

You may also pass an associative array to the options argument to return the selected options' keys instead of their values:

$permissions = multiselect(
    label: 'What permissions should be assigned?',
    options: [
        'read' => 'Read',
        'create' => 'Create',
        'update' => 'Update',
        'delete' => 'Delete'
    ],
    default: ['read', 'create']
);

Up to five options will be displayed before the list begins to scroll. You may customize this by passing the scroll argument:

$categories = multiselect(
    label: 'What categories should be assigned?',
    options: Category::pluck('name', 'id'),
    scroll: 10
);

Requiring a Value

By default, the user may select zero or more options. You may pass the required argument to enforce one or more options instead:

$categories = multiselect(
    label: 'What categories should be assigned?',
    options: Category::pluck('name', 'id'),
    required: true,
);

If you would like to customize the validation message, you may provide a string to the required argument:

$categories = multiselect(
    label: 'What categories should be assigned?',
    options: Category::pluck('name', 'id'),
    required: 'You must select at least one category',
);

Validation

You may pass a closure to the validate argument if you need to present an option but prevent it from being selected:

$permissions = select(
    label: 'What permissions should the user have?',
    options: [
        'read' => 'Read',
        'create' => 'Create',
        'update' => 'Update',
        'delete' => 'Delete'
    ],
    validate: fn (array $values) => ! in_array('read', $values)
        ? 'All users require the read permission.'
        : null
);

If the options argument is an associative array then the closure will receive the selected keys, otherwise it will receive the selected values. The closure may return an error message, or null if the validation passes.

Suggest

The suggest function can be used to provide auto-completion for possible choices. The user can still provide any answer, regardless of the auto-completion hints:

use function Laravel\Prompts\suggest;

$name = suggest('What is your name?', ['Taylor', 'Dayle']);

Alternatively, you may pass a closure as the second argument to the suggest function. The closure will be called each time the user types an input character. The closure should accept a string parameter containing the user's input so far and return an array of options for auto-completion:

$name = suggest(
    'What is your name?',
    fn ($value) => collect(['Taylor', 'Dayle'])
        ->filter(fn ($name) => Str::contains($name, $value, ignoreCase: true))
)

You may also include placeholder text, a default value, and an informational hint:

$name = suggest(
    label: 'What is your name?',
    options: ['Taylor', 'Dayle'],
    placeholder: 'E.g. Taylor',
    default: $user?->name,
    hint: 'This will be displayed on your profile.'
);

Required Values

If you require a value to be entered, you may pass the required argument:

$name = suggest(
    label: 'What is your name?',
    options: ['Taylor', 'Dayle'],
    required: true
);

If you would like to customize the validation message, you may also pass a string:

$name = suggest(
    label: 'What is your name?',
    options: ['Taylor', 'Dayle'],
    required: 'Your name is required.'
);

Additional Validation

Finally, if you would like to perform additional validation logic, you may pass a closure to the validate argument:

$name = suggest(
    label: 'What is your name?',
    options: ['Taylor', 'Dayle'],
    validate: fn (string $value) => match (true) {
        strlen($value) < 3 => 'The name must be at least 3 characters.',
        strlen($value) > 255 => 'The name must not exceed 255 characters.',
        default => null
    }
);

The closure will receive the value that has been entered and may return an error message, or null if the validation passes.

Search

If you have a lot of options for the user to select from, the search function allows the user to type a search query to filter the results before using the arrow keys to select an option:

use function Laravel\Prompts\search;

$id = search(
    'Search for the user that should receive the mail',
    fn (string $value) => strlen($value) > 0
        ? User::where('name', 'like', "%{$value}%")->pluck('name', 'id')->all()
        : []
);

The closure will receive the text that has been typed by the user so far and must return an array of options. If you return an associative array then the selected option's key will be returned, otherwise its value will be returned instead.

You may also include placeholder text and an informational hint:

$id = search(
    label: 'Search for the user that should receive the mail',
    placeholder: 'E.g. Taylor Otwell',
    options: fn (string $value) => strlen($value) > 0
        ? User::where('name', 'like', "%{$value}%")->pluck('name', 'id')->all()
        : [],
    hint: 'The user will receive an email immediately.'
);

Up to five options will be displayed before the list begins to scroll. You may customize this by passing the scroll argument:

$id = search(
    label: 'Search for the user that should receive the mail',
    options: fn (string $value) => strlen($value) > 0
        ? User::where('name', 'like', "%{$value}%")->pluck('name', 'id')->all()
        : [],
    scroll: 10
);

Validation

If you would like to perform additional validation logic, you may pass a closure to the validate argument:

$id = search(
    label: 'Search for the user that should receive the mail',
    options: fn (string $value) => strlen($value) > 0
        ? User::where('name', 'like', "%{$value}%")->pluck('name', 'id')->all()
        : [],
    validate: function (int|string $value) {
        $user = User::findOrFail($value);

        if ($user->opted_out) {
            return 'This user has opted-out of receiving mail.';
        }
    }
);

If the options closure returns an associative array, then the closure will receive the selected key, otherwise, it will receive the selected value. The closure may return an error message, or null if the validation passes.

Multi-search

If you have a lot of searchable options and need the user to be able to select multiple items, the multisearch function allows the user to type a search query to filter the results before using the arrow keys and space-bar to select options:

use function Laravel\Prompts\multisearch;

$ids = multisearch(
    'Search for the users that should receive the mail',
    fn (string $value) => strlen($value) > 0
        ? User::where('name', 'like', "%{$value}%")->pluck('name', 'id')->all()
        : []
);

The closure will receive the text that has been typed by the user so far and must return an array of options. If you return an associative array then the selected options' keys will be returned; otherwise, their values will be returned instead.

You may also include placeholder text and an informational hint:

$ids = multisearch(
    label: 'Search for the users that should receive the mail',
    placeholder: 'E.g. Taylor Otwell',
    options: fn (string $value) => strlen($value) > 0
        ? User::where('name', 'like', "%{$value}%")->pluck('name', 'id')->all()
        : [],
    hint: 'The user will receive an email immediately.'
);

Up to five options will be displayed before the list begins to scroll. You may customize this by providing the scroll argument:

$ids = multisearch(
    label: 'Search for the users that should receive the mail',
    options: fn (string $value) => strlen($value) > 0
        ? User::where('name', 'like', "%{$value}%")->pluck('name', 'id')->all()
        : [],
    scroll: 10
);

Requiring a Value

By default, the user may select zero or more options. You may pass the required argument to enforce one or more options instead:

$ids = multisearch(
    'Search for the users that should receive the mail',
    fn (string $value) => strlen($value) > 0
        ? User::where('name', 'like', "%{$value}%")->pluck('name', 'id')->all()
        : [],
    required: true,
);

If you would like to customize the validation message, you may also provide a string to the required argument:

$ids = multisearch(
    'Search for the users that should receive the mail',
    fn (string $value) => strlen($value) > 0
        ? User::where('name', 'like', "%{$value}%")->pluck('name', 'id')->all()
        : [],
    required: 'You must select at least one user.'
);

Validation

If you would like to perform additional validation logic, you may pass a closure to the validate argument:

$ids = multisearch(
    label: 'Search for the users that should receive the mail',
    options: fn (string $value) => strlen($value) > 0
        ? User::where('name', 'like', "%{$value}%")->pluck('name', 'id')->all()
        : [],
    validate: function (array $values) {
        $optedOut = User::where('name', 'like', '%a%')->findMany($values);

        if ($optedOut->isNotEmpty()) {
            return $optedOut->pluck('name')->join(', ', ', and ').' have opted out.';
        }
    }
);

If the options closure returns an associative array, then the closure will receive the selected keys; otherwise, it will receive the selected values. The closure may return an error message, or null if the validation passes.

Informational Messages

The note, info, warning, error, and alert functions may be used to display informational messages:

use function Laravel\Prompts\info;

info('Package installed successfully.');

Tables

The table function makes it easy to display multiple rows and columns of data. All you need to do is provide the column names and the data for the table:

use function Laravel\Prompts\table;

table(
    ['Name', 'Email'],
    User::all(['name', 'email'])
);

Spin

The spin function displays a spinner along with an optional message while executing a specified callback. It serves to indicate ongoing processes and returns the callback's results upon completion:

use function Laravel\Prompts\spin;

$response = spin(
    fn () => Http::get('http://example.com'),
    'Fetching response...'
);

Warning
The spin function requires the pcntl PHP extension to animate the spinner. When this extension is not available, a static version of the spinner will appear instead.

Progress Bars

For long running tasks, it can be helpful to show a progress bar that informs users how complete the task is. Using the progress function, Laravel will display a progress bar and advance its progress for each iteration over a given iterable value:

use function Laravel\Prompts\progress;

$users = progress(
    label: 'Updating users',
    steps: User::all(),
    callback: fn ($user) => $this->performTask($user),
);

The progress function acts like a map function and will return an array containing the return value of each iteration of your callback.

The callback may also accept the \Laravel\Prompts\Progress instance, allowing you to modify the label and hint on each iteration:

$users = progress(
    label: 'Updating users',
    steps: User::all(),
    callback: function ($user, $progress) {
        $progress
            ->label("Updating {$user->name}")
            ->hint("Created on {$user->created_at}");

        return $this->performTask($user);
    },
    hint: 'This may take some time.',
);

Sometimes, you may need more manual control over how a progress bar is advanced. First, define the total number of steps the process will iterate through. Then, advance the progress bar via the advance method after processing each item:

$progress = progress(label: 'Updating users', steps: 10);

$users = User::all();

$progress->start();

foreach ($users as $user) {
    $this->performTask($user);

    $progress->advance();
}

$progress->finish();

Terminal Considerations

Terminal Width

If the length of any label, option, or validation message exceeds the number of "columns" in the user's terminal, it will be automatically truncated to fit. Consider minimizing the length of these strings if your users may be using narrower terminals. A typically safe maximum length is 74 characters to support an 80-character terminal.

Terminal Height

For any prompts that accept the scroll argument, the configured value will automatically be reduced to fit the height of the user's terminal, including space for a validation message.

Unsupported Environments & Fallbacks

Laravel Prompts supports macOS, Linux, and Windows with WSL. Due to limitations in the Windows version of PHP, it is not currently possible to use Laravel Prompts on Windows outside of WSL.

For this reason, Laravel Prompts supports falling back to an alternative implementation such as the Symfony Console Question Helper.

Note
When using Laravel Prompts with the Laravel framework, fallbacks for each prompt have been configured for you and will be automatically enabled in unsupported environments.

Fallback Conditions

If you are not using Laravel or need to customize when the fallback behavior is used, you may pass a boolean to the fallbackWhen static method on the Prompt class:

use Laravel\Prompts\Prompt;

Prompt::fallbackWhen(
    ! $input->isInteractive() || windows_os() || app()->runningUnitTests()
);

Fallback Behavior

If you are not using Laravel or need to customize the fallback behavior, you may pass a closure to the fallbackUsing static method on each prompt class:

use Laravel\Prompts\TextPrompt;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Question\Question;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Style\SymfonyStyle;

TextPrompt::fallbackUsing(function (TextPrompt $prompt) use ($input, $output) {
    $question = (new Question($prompt->label, $prompt->default ?: null))
        ->setValidator(function ($answer) use ($prompt) {
            if ($prompt->required && $answer === null) {
                throw new \RuntimeException(is_string($prompt->required) ? $prompt->required : 'Required.');
            }

            if ($prompt->validate) {
                $error = ($prompt->validate)($answer ?? '');

                if ($error) {
                    throw new \RuntimeException($error);
                }
            }

            return $answer;
        });

    return (new SymfonyStyle($input, $output))
        ->askQuestion($question);
});

Fallbacks must be configured individually for each prompt class. The closure will receive an instance of the prompt class and must return an appropriate type for the prompt.